Tus kws kho mob oncologist - nws yog leej twg thiab nws kho dab tsi? Teem sijhawm

Cov txheej txheem:

Tus kws kho mob oncologist - nws yog leej twg thiab nws kho dab tsi? Teem sijhawm
Tus kws kho mob oncologist - nws yog leej twg thiab nws kho dab tsi? Teem sijhawm
Anonim

Tus kws kho mob

Tus kws kho mob oncologist yog tus kws kho mob uas kuaj xyuas, kho thiab tiv thaiv cov kab mob benign thiab malignant neoplasms.

Oncology yog ib ceg tshwj xeeb ntawm cov tshuaj, uas nws txoj haujlwm yog los kawm txog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov tsos mob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm ntau yam qog. Raws li koj paub, kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog them rau cov qog nqaij hlav malignant, koom ua ke hauv lub npe dav dav "cancer". Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm oncologists yog txoj hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav thiab tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm txhua theem ntawm kev loj hlob. Yog tias koj tab tom nrhiav cov lus teb rau lo lus nug "Dab tsi yog tus kws kho mob oncologist kho?", tom qab ntawd, ua raws li cov lus hais saum toj no, nws yooj yim los txiav txim siab yog. Tus kws kho mob oncologist kho cov qog.

Tso ib daim ntawv thov kom "tam sim no" thiab nyob rau ob peb feeb peb yuav pom ib tus kws kho mob uas paub txog nyob ze koj, thiab tus nqi yuav qis dua thaum hu rau lub tsev kho mob ncaj qha.

Los yog xaiv tus kws kho mob koj tus kheej los ntawm nias ntawm qhov "Nrhiav tus kws kho mob" khawm. Nrhiav tus kws kho mob

Cov cheeb tsam tseem ceeb ntawm oncology

Raws li kev sib kis ntawm cov kab mob oncological thiab nce ntxiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau txog lawv, cov chaw sib txawv hauv qab no tau tshwm sim:

  • Oncodermatology - kev tshawb fawb ntawm daim tawv nqaij hlav;
  • Oncoendocrinology - cov qog ntawm ntau cov qog endocrine;
  • Oncohematology - cov qog ntawm cov kab mob hematopoietic, circulatory thiab lymphatic systems;
  • Oncogastroenterology thiab oncoproctology - kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov qog ntawm lub plab zom mov thiab qhov quav, raws li;
  • Oncohepatology - daim siab qog;
  • Onconephrology - cov qog ntawm lub raum thiab cov ducts excretory;
  • Oncomammology - neoplasms hauv cov qog mammary;
  • Oncogynecology thiab oncoandrology - cov qog ntawm cov qog thiab cov kabmob ntawm cov poj niam thiab txiv neej cov txheej txheem kev loj hlob, ntsig txog;
  • Oncourology - qog ntawm lub zais zis thiab ureters;
  • Oncopulmology - ntsws neoplasms;
  • oncologist
    oncologist
  • Cardiooncology - mob plawv;
  • Neurooncology - neoplasms hauv nruab nrab paj hlwb (lub hlwb thiab qaum qaum);
  • Psycho-oncology - kawm txog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub hlwb ntawm cov neeg mob, nrog rau lawv txoj kev sib raug zoo nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob thiab cov neeg hlub;
  • Oncoimmunology - tshawb nrhiav qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hauv kev kho mob qog noj ntshav.
  • Radiation Oncology - txhim kho kev kho cov qog nrog hluav taws xob;
  • Oncological chemotherapy - tshawb nrhiav kev kho mob qog noj ntshav nrog cov tshuaj antineoplastic (cov tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj uas inhibit qhov kev loj hlob ntawm neoplasms);
  • Oncosurgery - kev siv txoj kev phais kom tshem cov qog thiab tshem tawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kab mob oncological;
  • Pediatric thiab geriatric oncology - kawm txog kev mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus;
  • Oncoepidemiology - khaws cov txheeb cais ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv qee thaj chaw thiab ntawm cov pejxeem.

Kev tshwj xeeb ntawm tus kws kho mob oncologist

Cov kab mob Oncological, hauv qhov tseem ceeb, yog cov kab ke, yog li tus kws kho mob oncologist yuav tsum nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv thiab kev kho mob ntawm tag nrho cov kabmob thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua tus kws kho mob oncologist muaj kev txawj tshwj xeeb thiab kev paub txog nws lub cev lossis lub cev (piv txwv li, tus kws kho mob onco-mammologist, tus kws kho mob onco-gastroenterologist, thiab lwm yam). Yooj yim muab tso, tus kws kho mob oncologist qhia txog kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob hauv cov qog nqaij hlav.

Tus kws kho mob oncologist kho dab tsi?

Neoplasms uas loj hlob mus rau qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm pathological poob nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm oncologist. Lawv tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo (zoo) lossis ua phem rau lub cev (malignant).

Cia peb mus saib lawv cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb:

  • Cov qog nqaij hlav zoo yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb zoo ib yam li cov pom hauv cov ntaub so ntswg uas tshwm sim. Cov hlwb no tsis zoo li nkag mus lossis metastasize, yog li lawv tsis nkag mus rau hauv lub cev thiab cov ntaub so ntswg. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm benign neoplasms feem ntau yog tsawg heev.
  • Cov qog nqaij hlav sib txawv ntawm kev loj hlob. Lawv cov hlwb tau txais kev ua haujlwm pathological, muaj peev xwm nkag mus rau cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv thiab metastasize rau cov kabmob nyob deb.

Kab mob kho los ntawm tus kws kho mob oncologist

Cov kab mob kho los ntawm oncologist
Cov kab mob kho los ntawm oncologist

Cov kws kho mob niaj hnub tuaj yeem kho ntau yam mob qog noj ntshav:

  • Leukemia yog qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov blasts - cov hlwb tsis paub tab (mob mob) lossis cov pob txha loj hlob thiab cov pob txha pob txha loj (cov ntawv mob ntev), ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj hauv cov txheej txheem hematopoietic mus txog rau qhov ua tiav, tsim ntawm cytopenia thiab kev tawm tsam ntawm kev tiv thaiv.
  • Melanoma yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav qog nqaij hlav ntawm daim tawv nqaij uas tsim cov xim melanin (cov cim yug, moles, thiab lwm yam).
  • Lymphogranulomatosis yog ib qho qog nyob rau hauv cov kab mob lymphatic uas tuaj yeem kis tau sai sai hauv cov hlab ntsha lymphatic thiab metastasize mus rau ntau yam kabmob.
  • Myeloma yog mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov ntshav plasma hauv cov pob txha pob txha, ua rau cov pob txha puas tsuaj zuj zus.
  • Sarcomas - pib los ntawm cov nqaij mos extraskeletal (cov leeg, rog, ntshav thiab lymph hlab ntsha, mesothelium, thiab lwm yam).
  • Neuroendocrine qog - cov no suav nrog gastroenteropancreatic neoplasms, mob qog noj ntshav ntawm islet hlwb, qog nqaij hlav hauv cov qog endocrine (prostate, mis, qog adrenal, zes qe menyuam, thyroid, thiab lwm yam).
  • Neoplasms ntawm mediastinum - tshwm sim ntawm lub ntsws, hauv qab lub sternum.
  • Tumours ntawm lub hauv nruab nrab lub paj hlwb - tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov paj hlwb ntawm tus txha caj qaum thiab lub hlwb, cuam tshuam kev sib koom tes ua haujlwm thiab ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj heev.
  • Fibroids - tseem hu ua fibroids. Feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov poj niam uas muaj hnub nyoog me nyuam hauv plab. Tej zaum nws yuav nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, tab sis tsis muaj kev kho mob tsim nyog, feem ntau, mob qog nqaij hlav tshwm sim.

Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum pom tus kws kho mob oncologist?

Cov kws tshawb fawb kho mob tau txheeb xyuas ntau cov tsos mob tshwj xeeb, nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tus neeg twg tau pom zoo kom mus kuaj mob oncological.

  • Cov tsos mob los ntshav los ntawm cov kab mob hauv nruab nrog cev (los ntawm lub qhov ntswg, qhov chaw mos, nrog rau cov zis lossis quav) tau pom;
  • Kev poob phaus muaj zog tau sau tseg uas tsis muaj lus piav qhia txaus;
  • Kev loj hlob ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov moles lossis warts;
  • Cov qog nqaij hlav o thiab tuab tuab yam tsis muaj kab mob;
  • Cov ntaub so ntswg mos (kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yog muab rau cov qog mammary);
  • Migraines nrog rau kev sib koom tes tsis zoo, tsis pom kev lossis hnov lus;
  • Nyob raws plab uas tsis tau piav qhia nrog qhov tso zis txawv txav;
  • Nyob tsis qab los noj mov, xeev siab thiab ua rau lub cev tsis zoo;
  • Tsis xis nyob cuam tshuam nrog lub siab hauv plab kab noj hniav, hauv siab, caj pas, thaj chaw pelvic, uas tsis ploj mus ntev.

Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib tus kws kho mob qog noj ntshav?

Txawm tias cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav tsis tuaj, muaj lwm yam tseem ceeb sib npaug mus ntsib tus kws kho mob oncologist:

  • Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv tom qab kho mob qog noj ntshav. Ua ob zaug hauv ib xyoos lossis ntau zaus (raws li tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg);
  • Cov poj niam muaj hnub nyoog 45 xyoos yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob ntawm lub mis tsis tu ncua. Rau cov poj niam nulliparous, lub hnub nyoog no raug txo mus rau 40 xyoo. Nws yog lub sijhawm rau cov txiv neej tuaj rau kev tiv thaiv kev kuaj mob rau tus kws kho mob tom qab 50 xyoo.
  • Cirrhosis ntawm daim siab, polyps hauv cov hnyuv thiab mastopathy yog vim li cas rau kev mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis tu ncua.
  • Txhua tus neeg hauv tsev neeg ntawm tus neeg mob qog noj ntshav yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas vim muaj caj ces ua rau mob qog noj ntshav;
  • Cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv kev lag luam uas muaj kev phom sij uas muaj cov kab mob loj heev uas paub txog (hnub ci, plua plav, roj av, hluav taws xob) yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas txhua xyoo los ntawm tus kws kho mob oncologist.

Kev kuaj los ntawm tus kws kho mob oncologist

Kev kuaj mob los ntawm oncologist
Kev kuaj mob los ntawm oncologist

Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm tus kws kho mob oncologist thaum lub sijhawm kuaj yog txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov qog thiab kawm nws cov khoom.

Tus neeg mob uas tau txais kev xa mus rau tus kws kho mob oncologist yuav tsum tau kuaj thawj zaug, uas muaj xws li:

  • Sau cov anamnesis thiab sau cov npe ntawm cov lus tsis txaus siab, raws li cov tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob tau muab sau ua ke;
  • Kev kuaj pom pom nrog palpation ntawm cov kabmob uas tus neeg mob yws txog;
  • Kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kom paub meej hom qog.

Ntawm cov txheej txheem uas xav tau los sau cov ntaub ntawv hais txog qog, tus kws kho mob feem ntau siv:

  • Computer thiab magnetic resonance imaging - txheej cov duab ntawm ib feem lossis tag nrho lub cev, uas koj tuaj yeem pom qhov chaw, cov duab thiab qhov loj ntawm cov qog;
  • Ultrasound - pab tshawb xyuas thiab ntsuas qhov loj ntawm neoplasms hauv lub cev kab noj hniav;
  • Mammography yog ib txoj kev tshwj xeeb rau kev kuaj cov qog mammary;
  • kuaj ntshav txhawm rau kuaj cov qog nqaij hlav;
  • Cytological kuaj ntawm ncauj tsev menyuam smear;
  • Ntshai ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ua raws li kev kuaj mob histological.

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