Cell membrane - cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membrane

Cov txheej txheem:

Cell membrane - cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membrane
Cell membrane - cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membrane
Anonim

Cell Membrane

cell membrane
cell membrane

Txhua yam muaj sia nyob hauv ntiaj teb yog tsim los ntawm cov hlwb, thiab txhua lub xovtooj yog ib puag ncig los ntawm lub plhaub tiv thaiv - daim nyias nyias. Txawm li cas los xij, kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim nyias nyias tsis txwv rau kev tiv thaiv organelles thiab cais ib lub xov tooj ntawm lwm tus. Lub cell membrane yog ib tug complex mechanism uas ncaj qha koom nyob rau hauv reproduction, regeneration, noj zaub mov, ua pa thiab ntau lwm yam tseem ceeb functions ntawm cell.

Lo lus "cell membrane" tau siv rau ib puas xyoo. Lo lus "membrane" los ntawm Latin txhais tau tias "film". Tab sis nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm ib tug cell membrane, nws yuav zoo dua hais txog ib tug ua ke ntawm ob zaj duab xis kev cob cog rua rau ib leeg nyob rau hauv ib tug tej yam txoj kev, ntxiv mus, txawv sab ntawm cov yeeb yaj duab muaj ntau yam khoom.

Cov cell membrane (cytolemma, plasmalemma) yog peb-txheej lipoprotein (fat-protein) daim nyias nyias uas cais txhua lub xovtooj ntawm cov cell nyob sib ze thiab ib puag ncig, thiab nqa tawm kev sib pauv tswj ntawm cov hlwb thiab ib puag ncig.

Qhov kev txiav txim siab hauv qhov kev txhais no tsis yog tias lub cell membrane cais ib lub xov tooj ntawm lwm tus, tab sis nws ua kom nws muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog lwm lub hlwb thiab ib puag ncig. Lub daim nyias nyias yog ib tug heev active, tas li ua hauj lwm qauv ntawm lub cell, uas muaj ntau yam functions raug muab los ntawm xwm. Los ntawm peb tsab xov xwm, koj yuav kawm txhua yam txog kev muaj pes tsawg leeg, qauv, cov khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membrane, nrog rau kev txaus ntshai ua rau tib neeg noj qab haus huv los ntawm kev cuam tshuam hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membranes.

History of cell membrane research

Xyoo 1925, ob tus kws tshawb fawb German, Gorter thiab Grendel, tuaj yeem ua qhov kev sim ua rau tib neeg cov qe ntshav liab, erythrocytes. Siv osmotic poob siab, cov kws tshawb fawb tau txais qhov hu ua "duab ntxoov ntxoo" - lub plhaub khoob ntawm cov qe ntshav liab, tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv ib pawg thiab ntsuas qhov chaw. Cov kauj ruam tom ntej yog xam cov lipids hauv cell membrane. Siv acetone, cov kws tshawb fawb cais cov lipids ntawm "duab ntxoov ntxoo" thiab txiav txim siab tias lawv tsuas yog txaus rau ob txheej txuas ntxiv.

Txawm li cas los xij, thaum lub sijhawm sim, ob qhov yuam kev loj tau ua:

  • Kev siv acetone tsis tso cai rau tag nrho cov lipids cais tawm ntawm daim nyias nyias;
  • Qhov chaw saum npoo ntawm "duab ntxoov ntxoo" yog xam los ntawm qhov hnyav qhuav, uas kuj tsis raug.

Vim tias thawj qhov yuam kev tau muab qhov rho tawm hauv kev suav, thiab qhov thib ob tau muab ntxiv rau, tag nrho cov txiaj ntsig tau hloov mus ua qhov tseeb xav tsis thoob, thiab cov kws tshawb fawb German tau coj qhov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau lub ntiaj teb kev tshawb fawb - lipid bilayer ntawm cell membrane.

Nyob rau xyoo 1935 lwm khub ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb, Danielle thiab Dawson, tom qab kev sim ntev ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab bilipid tuaj txog qhov xaus txog qhov muaj cov protein nyob hauv cell membranes. Tsis muaj lwm txoj hauv kev los piav qhia vim li cas cov yeeb yaj kiab no muaj qhov nro siab heev. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau nthuav tawm rau pej xeem cov qauv schematic ntawm lub cell membrane, zoo ib yam li cov qhaub cij, qhov uas homogeneous lipid-protein txheej ua lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov khob cij, thiab nruab nrab ntawm lawv es tsis txhob roj muaj qhov khoob.

Nyob rau xyoo 1950, nrog kev pab los ntawm thawj lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob, Danielly-Dawson txoj kev xav tau lees paub qee qhov - microphotographs ntawm cell membrane kom meej meej pom ob txheej uas muaj lipid thiab protein. taub hau, thiab nruab nrab ntawm lawv yog qhov chaw pob tshab uas tsuas yog cov tails ntawm lipids thiab cov proteins.

Nyob rau xyoo 1960, coj los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, American microbiologist J. Robertson tau tsim ib txoj kev xav txog peb txheej txheej ntawm cov cell membranes, uas tau ntev tau suav hais tias yog tus qauv. tsuas muaj tseeb xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, raws li kev tshawb fawb tau tsim, ntau thiab ntau qhov kev tsis ntseeg tau tshwm sim txog homogeneity ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm thermodynamics, xws li cov qauv yog qhov tsis zoo - nws yuav nyuaj heev rau cov hlwb kom thauj cov khoom hauv thiab tawm los ntawm tag nrho "sandwich". Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tau raug pov thawj tias cov cell membranes ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg sib txawv muaj cov thicknesses sib txawv thiab cov txheej txheem txuas, uas yog vim muaj cov haujlwm sib txawv ntawm lub cev.

In 1972 microbiologists S. D. Singer thiab G. L. Nicholson tau piav qhia txhua qhov tsis sib xws ntawm Robertson txoj kev xav nrog kev pab los ntawm cov qauv tshiab, kua dej-mosaic ntawm cov cell membrane. Cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias daim nyias nyias yog heterogeneous, asymmetrical, muaj cov kua dej, thiab nws cov hlwb nyob rau hauv qhov kev txav mus tas li. Thiab cov proteins uas ua rau nws muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj cov qauv sib txawv thiab lub hom phiaj, ntxiv rau, lawv nyob sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem bilipid ntawm daim nyias nyias.

Muaj peb hom proteins hauv cell membranes:

  • Peripheral - txuas rau saum npoo ntawm zaj duab xis;
  • Semi-integral - ib nrab nkag mus rau bilipid txheej;
  • Integral - nkag mus rau hauv daim nyias nyias.

Peripheral proteins txuas nrog lub taub hau ntawm daim nyias nyias lipids los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam electrostatic, thiab lawv yeej tsis tsim ib txheej txuas ntxiv, raws li yav tas los ntseeg. Thiab cov proteins ib nrab thiab ib nrab ua haujlwm thauj cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham rau hauv lub cell, nrog rau tshem tawm cov khoom lwj los ntawm nws, thiab rau ob peb lwm yam tseem ceeb, uas koj yuav kawm txog tom qab.

Khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cell membrane

Cov khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membrane
Cov khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membrane

Lub cell membrane ua haujlwm hauv qab no:

  • Barrier - qhov permeability ntawm daim nyias nyias rau ntau hom molecules tsis zoo ib yam. Txhawm rau hla cov cell membrane, cov molecule yuav tsum muaj qee qhov loj, tshuaj lom neeg thiab hluav taws xob. nqi. Cov kab mob tsis zoo lossis tsis tsim nyog, vim yog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov cell membrane, tsuas tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub cell. Piv txwv li, nrog kev pab los ntawm peroxis cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, cov membrane tiv thaiv cytoplasm los ntawm peroxides txaus ntshai;
  • Kev thauj mus los - passive, nquag, tswj hwm thiab xaiv pauv pauv dhau los ntawm daim nyias nyias. Passive metabolism yog tsim rau cov rog-soluble tshuaj thiab gases uas muaj me me molecules. Cov khoom zoo li no nkag mus rau hauv thiab tawm ntawm tes yam tsis muaj kev siv hluav taws xob, ywj pheej, los ntawm diffusion. Lub luag haujlwm thauj khoom ntawm lub cell membrane yog qhib thaum tsim nyog, tab sis nyuaj rau kev thauj khoom yuav tsum tau nqa mus rau hauv lossis tawm ntawm lub cell. Piv txwv li, cov neeg uas muaj qhov loj me me, lossis tsis tuaj yeem hla cov txheej bilipid vim hydrophobicity. Tom qab ntawd cov twj tso kua mis protein pib ua haujlwm, suav nrog ATPase, uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev nqus cov poov tshuaj ions mus rau hauv lub cell thiab ejection ntawm sodium ions los ntawm nws. Kev tswj hwm kev thauj mus los yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev zais thiab fermentation ua haujlwm, xws li thaum lub hlwb tsim thiab tso cov tshuaj hormones lossis kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo. Tag nrho cov tshuaj no tawm hauv lub hlwb los ntawm cov channel tshwj xeeb thiab hauv ib lub ntim. Thiab cov kev xaiv thauj khoom muaj feem xyuam nrog cov protein ntau uas nkag mus rau hauv daim nyias nyias thiab ua haujlwm raws li kev nkag mus thiab tawm ntawm cov hom molecules nruj me ntsis;
  • Matrix - lub cell membrane txiav txim siab thiab kho qhov chaw ntawm cov organelles txheeb ze rau ib leeg (nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts) thiab tswj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lawv;
  • Mechanical - xyuas kom muaj kev txwv ntawm ib lub xovtooj ntawm lwm tus, thiab, tib lub sijhawm, kev sib txuas kom raug ntawm cov hlwb rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg homogeneous thiab tiv thaiv lub cev kom deformation;
  • Kev tiv thaiv - ob qho tib si hauv cov nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu, cov cell membrane ua lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov thav duab tiv thaiv. Ib qho piv txwv yog ntoo tawv, tuab tev, prickly pos. Nyob rau hauv lub nceeg vaj tsiaj, kuj muaj ntau yam piv txwv ntawm kev tiv thaiv muaj nuj nqi ntawm cell membranes - vaub kib plhaub, chitinous plhaub, hooves thiab horns;
  • Energy - cov txheej txheem ntawm photosynthesis thiab cellular respiration yuav ua tsis tau yog tsis muaj kev koom tes ntawm cell membrane proteins, vim hais tias nws yog los ntawm cov protein raws uas hlwb pauv zog;
  • Receptor- cov proteins ua rau hauv cov cell membrane yuav muaj lwm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb. Lawv ua hauj lwm raws li receptors uas lub cell tau txais ib lub teeb liab los ntawm cov tshuaj hormones thiab neurotransmitters. Thiab qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, yog tsim nyog rau lub conduction ntawm paj hlwb impulses thiab ib txwm kawm ntawm hormonal txheej txheem;
  • Enzymatic yog lwm txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qee cov cell membrane proteins. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov hnyuv epithelium, digestive enzymes yog synthesized nrog kev pab los ntawm xws li cov proteins;
  • Biopotential - qhov concentration ntawm cov poov tshuaj ions hauv lub cell yog ntau dua li sab nraud, thiab qhov concentration ntawm sodium ions, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, sab nraud yog ntau dua sab hauv. Qhov no piav qhia txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv: sab hauv ntawm tes tus nqi yog qhov tsis zoo, sab nraud yog qhov zoo, uas ua rau muaj kev txav ntawm cov tshuaj mus rau hauv lub cell thiab tawm hauv ib qho ntawm peb hom metabolism - phagocytosis, pinocytosis thiab exocytosis;
  • Labeling - nyob rau saum npoo ntawm cov cell membranes muaj li hu ua "labels" - antigens uas muaj glycoproteins (cov protein uas muaj ceg oligosaccharide sab chains txuas rau lawv). Txij li cov saw hlau sab tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam kev teeb tsa, txhua hom ntawm tes tau txais nws tus kheej daim ntawv lo uas tso cai rau lwm cov hlwb hauv lub cev kom paub txog lawv "los ntawm kev pom" thiab teb rau lawv kom raug. Tias yog vim li cas, piv txwv li, tib neeg lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, macrophages, yooj yim paub txog tus neeg txawv teb chaws uas tau nkag mus rau hauv lub cev (kab mob, kab mob) thiab sim ua kom puas. Tib yam tshwm sim nrog cov kab mob, hloov pauv thiab cov hlwb qub - daim ntawv lo ntawm lawv cov cell membrane hloov thiab lub cev tshem tawm ntawm lawv.

Kev sib pauv ntawm tes tshwm sim nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias, thiab tuaj yeem nqa tau siv peb hom kev cuam tshuam:

  • Phagocytosis yog cov txheej txheem cellular uas phagocytic cell embedded nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias thiab zom cov khoom ntawm cov as-ham. Nyob rau hauv tib neeg lub cev, phagocytosis yog nqa tawm los ntawm daim nyias nyias ntawm ob hom hlwb: granulocytes (granular leukocytes) thiab macrophages (immune killer cells);
  • Pinocytosis - cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ntes cov cell membrane ntawm cov kua dej molecules hauv kev sib cuag nrog nws. Rau kev noj haus los ntawm hom pinocytosis, lub cell loj hlob nyias fluffy outgrowths nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm antennae ntawm nws daim nyias nyias, uas, raws li nws yog, nyob ib ncig ntawm ib tug poob ntawm cov kua, thiab ib tug npuas yog tau. Ua ntej, qhov vesicle no protrudes saum npoo ntawm daim nyias nyias, thiab tom qab ntawd nws yog "nqus" - nws nkaum hauv lub xovtooj ntawm tes, thiab nws cov phab ntsa ua ke nrog rau sab hauv ntawm lub cell membrane. Pinocytosis tshwm sim nyob rau hauv yuav luag tag nrho cov nyob hlwb;
  • Exocytosis yog cov txheej txheem rov qab uas cov hlwv uas muaj cov kua dej zais cia (enzyme, tshuaj hormones) tsim hauv lub cell, thiab nws yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm ntawm lub cell mus rau hauv lub cell. ib puag ncig. Ua li no, lub vesicle thawj zaug sib koom ua ke nrog rau sab hauv ntawm lub cell membrane, tom qab ntawd bulges tawm sab nraud, tawg, tshem tawm cov ntsiab lus thiab rov sib txuas nrog rau saum npoo ntawm daim nyias nyias, lub sijhawm no los ntawm sab nraud. Exocytosis tshwm sim, piv txwv li, hauv cov hlwb ntawm lub plab hnyuv epithelium thiab adrenal cortex.

qauv ntawm cell membrane

Cell membranes muaj peb chav kawm ntawm lipids:

  • Phospholipids;
  • YGlycolipids;
  • Cholesterol.

Cov qauv ntawm cov cell membrane
Cov qauv ntawm cov cell membrane

Phospholipids (ua ke ntawm cov rog thiab phosphorus) thiab glycolipids (ua ke ntawm cov rog thiab carbohydrates), tig mus, muaj lub taub hau hydrophilic, los ntawm ob qhov ntev hydrophobic tails. Tab sis qee zaum cov roj (cholesterol) nyob hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm ob lub tails thiab tsis tso cai rau lawv khoov, uas ua rau cov membranes ntawm qee lub hlwb nruj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov roj cholesterol molecules tswj cov qauv ntawm cov cell membranes thiab tiv thaiv kev hloov ntawm polar molecules ntawm ib lub xov tooj mus rau lwm qhov.

Tab sis qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, raws li koj tuaj yeem pom los ntawm ntu dhau los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membranes, yog cov proteins. Lawv muaj pes tsawg leeg, lub hom phiaj thiab qhov chaw muaj ntau haiv neeg, tab sis muaj ib yam dab tsi uas sib koom ua ke lawv tag nrho: annular lipids yeej ib txwm nyob ib ncig ntawm cov proteins ntawm cell membranes. Cov no yog cov rog tshwj xeeb uas tsim kom meej meej, ruaj khov, muaj ntau cov roj fatty acids nyob rau hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab raug tso tawm los ntawm daim nyias nyias nrog rau "sponsored" proteins. Qhov no yog hom kev tiv thaiv tus kheej lub plhaub rau cov protein, yam tsis muaj qhov lawv tsuas tsis ua haujlwm.

Cov qauv ntawm cov cell membrane yog peb txheej. Ib qho sib npaug ntawm cov kua bilipid txheej nyob rau hauv nruab nrab, thiab cov proteins npog nws ntawm ob sab nrog ib hom mosaic, ib nrab nkag mus rau hauv cov tuab. Ntawd yog, nws yuav yog qhov tsis ncaj ncees rau kev xav tias cov txheej txheem protein ntau ntawm cov cell membranes txuas ntxiv mus. Proteins, ntxiv rau lawv txoj haujlwm nyuaj, xav tau nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias kom nkag mus rau hauv cov hlwb thiab thauj tawm ntawm lawv cov khoom uas tsis tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv cov roj txheej. Piv txwv li, potassium thiab sodium ions. Rau lawv, tshwj xeeb cov qauv protein yog muab - ion channel, uas peb yuav tham txog ntau yam hauv qab no.

Yog tias koj saib ntawm cov cell membrane los ntawm lub tshuab tsom, koj tuaj yeem pom ib txheej ntawm lipids tsim los ntawm qhov me tshaj plaws kheej kheej molecules, uas, zoo li lub hiav txwv, cov cell loj ntawm ntau cov duab ntab. Raws nraim tib daim nyias nyias faib qhov chaw sab hauv ntawm txhua lub xovtooj mus rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov nucleus, chloroplasts thiab mitochondria nyob zoo. Yog tias tsis muaj "chav" cais hauv lub cell, cov organelles yuav ua ke nrog ib leeg thiab yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua lawv txoj haujlwm kom raug.

Cell yog cov txheej txheem organelles tsim thiab sib cais los ntawm daim nyias nyias, uas koom nrog hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm lub zog, cov txheej txheem metabolic, cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev ua me nyuam uas ua kom cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev..

Raws li koj tuaj yeem pom los ntawm cov ntsiab lus no, daim nyias nyias yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ua haujlwm ntawm txhua lub cell. Nws qhov tseem ceeb yog zoo li cov nucleus, mitochondria thiab lwm cov cell organelles. Thiab cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm daim nyias nyias yog vim nws cov qauv: nws muaj ob zaj duab xis daig ua ke hauv txoj kev tshwj xeeb. Molecules ntawm phospholipids nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias yog nyob nrog hydrophilic taub hau sab nraud, thiab hydrophobic tails sab hauv. Yog li ntawd, ib sab ntawm zaj duab xis yog ntub dej, thaum lwm qhov tsis yog. Yog li, cov yeeb yaj kiab no txuas rau ib leeg nrog cov tsis muaj dej sab hauv sab hauv, tsim cov txheej bilipid ncig los ntawm cov protein molecules. Qhov no yog "sandwich" qauv ntawm cell membrane.

Ion channels ntawm cell membranes

Cia peb xav txog cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm ion channel. Lawv xav tau dab tsi rau? Qhov tseeb yog tias tsuas yog cov khoom muaj roj-soluble tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lipid daim nyias nyias - cov no yog gases, cawv thiab rog lawv tus kheej. Yog li, piv txwv li, hauv cov qe ntshav liab muaj qhov sib pauv tsis tu ncua ntawm cov pa thiab carbon dioxide, thiab rau qhov no peb lub cev tsis tas yuav mus rau lwm qhov kev dag ntxias ntxiv. Tab sis ua li cas txog thaum nws tsim nyog los thauj cov dej daws teeb meem, xws li sodium thiab potassium ntsev, los ntawm cell membrane?

Nws yuav tsis yooj yim sua kom taug txoj hauv kev rau cov tshuaj no hauv cov txheej txheem bilipid, vim tias lub qhov yuav nrawm nrawm thiab ua ke rov qab, xws li cov qauv ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg adipose. Tab sis qhov xwm txheej, raws li ib txwm muaj, pom txoj hauv kev tawm ntawm qhov xwm txheej thiab tsim cov qauv thauj khoom tshwj xeeb.

Muaj ob hom conductive proteins:

  • Transporters – semi-integral pump proteins;
  • Channelformers – integral proteins.

Cov proteins ntawm thawj hom yog ib feem rau hauv lub bilipid txheej ntawm cell membrane, thiab saib nrog lawv lub taub hau, thiab nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov tshuaj, lawv pib coj zoo li lub twj tso kua mis: lawv nyiam ib tug molecule. thiab nqus nws mus rau hauv lub cell. Thiab cov proteins ntawm hom thib ob, ib qho tseem ceeb, muaj cov duab elongated thiab nyob rau hauv perpendicular mus rau bilipid txheej ntawm cov cell membrane, nkag mus rau hauv thiab los ntawm. Los ntawm lawv, raws li los ntawm tunnels, cov khoom uas tsis tuaj yeem dhau los ntawm cov rog txav mus rau hauv thiab tawm ntawm lub cell. Nws yog los ntawm cov ion channel uas cov poov tshuaj ions nkag mus rau hauv lub xov tooj ntawm tes thiab sib sau ua ke hauv nws, thaum sodium ions, ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, raug coj tawm. Muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm hluav taws xob, yog li tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm txhua lub hlwb hauv peb lub cev.

[Kev qhia video] Cov qauv ntawm cov cell plasma membrane:

Cov lus xaus tseem ceeb tshaj plaws txog cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membranes

Txoj kev xav ib txwm zoo li nthuav thiab cog lus yog tias nws tuaj yeem siv tau zoo hauv kev xyaum. Kev tshawb pom ntawm cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membranes ntawm tib neeg lub cev tau tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb los ua qhov kev sib tw tiag tiag hauv kev tshawb fawb feem ntau, thiab hauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb. Nws tsis yog qhov xwm txheej uas peb nyob hauv ion channel hauv cov ntsiab lus zoo li no, vim nws nyob ntawm no uas yog cov lus teb rau ib qho ntawm cov lus nug tseem ceeb ntawm peb lub sijhawm: vim li cas tib neeg thiaj li mob oncology?

Cancer thov txog 17 lab tus neeg nyob thoob ntiaj teb txhua xyoo thiab yog qhov thib plaub ua rau txhua tus neeg tuag. Raws li WHO, qhov xwm txheej mob qog noj ntshav nce zuj zus, thiab thaum kawg ntawm 2020 nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 25 lab ib xyoos.

Dab tsi piav qhia txog kev mob qog noj ntshav tiag tiag, thiab dab tsi ua haujlwm ntawm cell membranes ua rau nws? Koj yuav hais tias: yog vim li cas nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig tsis zoo, kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo, tus cwj pwm tsis zoo thiab kev mob hnyav. Thiab, ntawm chav kawm, koj yuav hais yog lawm, tab sis yog hais tias peb tham txog qhov teeb meem nyob rau hauv ntau nthuav dav, ces yog vim li cas yog lub acidification ntawm tib neeg lub cev. Cov yam tsis zoo uas tau teev tseg saum toj no ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov cell membranes, inhibit ua pa thiab khoom noj khoom haus.

Qhov twg yuav tsum muaj ib qho ntxiv, qhov rho tawm raug tsim, thiab lub xov tooj ntawm tes tsis tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib txwm. Tab sis cov qog nqaij hlav cancer tsis xav tau cov pa oxygen lossis alkaline ib puag ncig - lawv tuaj yeem siv cov khoom noj khoom haus anaerobic. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm oxygen starvation thiab off-scale pH theem, noj qab haus huv hlwb hloov, xav hloov mus rau ib puag ncig, thiab ua cov qog nqaij hlav cancer. Qhov no yog li cas ib tug neeg tau mob cancer. Txhawm rau zam qhov no, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum haus dej huv kom txaus txhua hnub, thiab tso cov carcinogens hauv zaub mov. Tab sis, raws li txoj cai, tib neeg paub zoo txog cov khoom tsim kev puas tsuaj thiab xav tau cov dej zoo, thiab tsis ua dab tsi - lawv cia siab tias qhov teeb meem yuav hla lawv.

Paub txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membranes ntawm cov hlwb sib txawv, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv cov ntaub ntawv no los muab cov phiaj xwm kho mob rau lub cev. Ntau cov tshuaj niaj hnub no, nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev, tab tom nrhiav rau txoj cai "lub hom phiaj", uas tuaj yeem yog ion channels, enzymes, receptors thiab biomarkers ntawm cell membranes. Txoj kev kho no tso cai rau koj kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo nrog cov kev mob tshwm sim tsawg.

Cov tshuaj tua kab mob tiam tshiab no, thaum lawv nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab ntsha, tsis txhob tua tag nrho cov hlwb ua ke, tab sis nrhiav kom paub tseeb cov hlwb ntawm cov kab mob, tsom rau cov cim hauv nws cov cell membranes. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob migraine tshiab tshaj plaws, triptans, tsuas yog ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv hlwb, thaum yuav luag tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha peripheral. Thiab lawv paub txog cov hlab ntsha tsim nyog los ntawm cov proteins ntawm lawv cov cell membranes. Muaj ntau cov piv txwv zoo li no, yog li peb tuaj yeem hais nrog kev ntseeg siab tias kev paub txog cov qauv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov cell membranes underlies txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev kho mob niaj hnub no, thiab cawm ntau lab tus tib neeg txhua xyoo.

Pom zoo: