Mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus - cov cim qhia, mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus, kev kho thiab tiv thaiv

Cov txheej txheem:

Mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus - cov cim qhia, mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus, kev kho thiab tiv thaiv
Mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus - cov cim qhia, mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus, kev kho thiab tiv thaiv
Anonim

Asthma in me nyuam

Vim ib puag ncig kev puas tsuaj thiab ua rau muaj kev kis kab mob ua pa, cov menyuam tiv thaiv tau txo qis. Vim li no, cov me nyuam muaj mob hawb pob bronchial thiab ntau yam kev tsis haum tshuaj muaj ntau zuj zus.

mob hawb pob yog ib yam kab mob ntev uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev mob ntawm cov hlab ntsws thiab, vim li ntawd, qhov mob ntawm lub bronchi, uas pib tso tawm cov hnoos qeev ntau. Qhov no cuam tshuam nrog cov huab cua ib txwm dhau los ntawm txoj kev ua pa. Bronchial hawb pob tau muab faib ua ob hom:

  • atopic (allergenic);
  • non-atopic (non-allergenic).

thawj hom mob hawb pob tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug cov khoom ua xua: plua plav, paj ntoos, qee yam khoom noj, miv lossis dev plaub hau, naj hoom, thiab lwm yam. Hauv cov menyuam yaus, hauv 90% ntawm cov neeg mob, nws yog atopic daim ntawv ntawm tus kab mob uas tshwm sim. Non-atopic yog qhov tsawg heev thiab tshwm sim nws tus kheej nkaus xwb yog tias tus menyuam lub cev muaj kev nkag siab zoo rau cov kab mob sib kis.

Bronchial hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus
Bronchial hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus

Asthma muaj peb hom kab mob hnyav:

  • light;
  • moderate;
  • hnyav.

Raws li qhov mob hnyav npaum li cas thiab ntau npaum li cas qaug dab peg, koj yuav tsum tau siv qee yam txhais tau tias txhawm rau nres lawv. Feem ntau, cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kab mob xws li mob hawb pob bronchial muaj tus kab mob no hauv lawv cov noob txij thaum yug los. Rau txhua 100 tus mob hawb pob, tsawg kawg yog 60 tus txheeb ze muaj tus kab mob tib yam. Ntxiv nrog rau kev tsim noob neej, ib puag ncig tsis zoo kuj ua rau kev noj qab haus huv, uas cuam tshuam tsis zoo rau cov noob ntawm tus menyuam.

Cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus

Hauv cov menyuam yaus, nws nyuaj heev los ua qhov tseeb ntawm kev mob ntsws asthma hauv lub sijhawm. Qhov no yog vim qhov tseeb tias feem ntau tus kab mob muaj cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li tus mob khaub thuas, kab mob kis kab mob ntawm lub ntsws. Feem ntau cov niam txiv tsis paub tias qee cov tsos mob qhia tias muaj mob hnyav dua li tus mob khaub thuas yooj yim.

Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov menyuam yaus uas muaj mob hawb pob bronchial, qhov kub tsis nce, txawm tias hnoos heev thiab qhuav, tsis muaj hnoos qeev. Ua ntej pib ntawm cov tsos mob tiag tiag lossis cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob hawb pob, feem ntau muaj cov cim ceeb toom ob peb hnub ua ntej. Lawv lub sijhawm sib txawv rau txhua tus menyuam. Lub sijhawm no, cov menyuam yaus feem ntau npau taws, ntshai, ntxhov siab tas li, thiab pw tsis tsaug zog.

Harbiners ua raws li hauv qab no:

Cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm hawb pob hauv cov menyuam yaus
Cov tsos mob thiab cov tsos mob ntawm hawb pob hauv cov menyuam yaus
  • pib, tom qab ib hmos pw tsaug zog, cov kua paug pib tawm ntawm lub qhov ntswg ntawm tus menyuam, vim tias tus menyuam yaus feem ntau txham, rub nws lub qhov ntswg;
  • tom qab ob peb teev, hnoos qhuav me ntsis pib;
  • tom qab noj su lossis tom qab pw tsaug zog, hnoos yuav muaj zog dua, tab sis twb ntub me ntsis (hauv cov menyuam yaus tshaj 5 xyoos, hnoos yuav ntub rau qhov kawg ntawm kev mob hawb pob);
  • cov tsos mob lawv tus kheej tshwm tom qab 1-2 hnub, thaum hnoos yog paroxysmal.

Tom qab cov harbiners dhau lawm, cov tsos mob ntawm kev tawm tsam tshwm sim.

Cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm bronchial hawb pob hauv cov menyuam yaus ntawm thawj xyoo ntawm lub neej:

  • hnoos qhuav heev, feem ntau tshwm sim paroxysmal tam sim tom qab lossis ua ntej pw;
  • hnoos tuaj yeem txo yog tias tus menyuam sawv ntsug lossis zaum. Thaum koj rov qab mus rau txoj haujlwm kab rov tav, hnoos yuav khaus dua;
  • ua ntej yuav tawm sai sai no tus me nyuam yuav ruam heev, quaj vim pib qhov ntswg;
  • ua tsis taus pa;
  • ua pa ua tsis sib xws, thiab ua pa tsis tu ncua thiab luv. Kev nqus pa thiab nqus pa yog nrog los ntawm xuav thiab suab nrov.

Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos, ntxiv rau cov tsos mob saum toj no, kuj muaj cov tsos mob hauv qab no:

  • mob siab hauv siab, ua tsis taus pa puv;
  • thaum sim ua pa hauv qhov ncauj, hnoos qhuav qhuav;
  • hnoos qhuav tsis muaj hnoos qeev;
  • khaus, tawv nqaij pob lossis qhov muag dej tsis yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob hawb pob;
  • hnoos pib tshwm sim nyob rau tib lub sijhawm (tus tsiaj nyob ze, siv qee yam xim, ntawm txoj kev lossis tam sim ntawd thaum tuaj txog tsev, mus saib lub tsev qiv ntawv, muaj paj paj tshiab hauv tsev, thiab lwm yam).

Cov niam txiv yuav tsum ceev faj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws hauv tus menyuam, saib xyuas lub cev kub. Qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog kom paub tseeb tias qhov hnoos tsis tshwm sim los ntawm tus mob khaub thuas. Yog hais tias tus me nyuam muaj mob hawb pob hnyav, tuaj yeem tshwm sim thaum nruab hnub.

Ua rau mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus

Ua rau mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus
Ua rau mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb vim li cas mob hawb pob tshwm sim yog hyperreactivity ntawm bronchi hauv cov menyuam yaus, lawv hnov mob heev rau ntau yam stimuli, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov ua xua.

Tag nrho cov laj thawj vim li cas tus kab mob sib kis tau muab faib ua ntau pawg.

Los ntawm cov xwm txheej sab hauv ntawm qib caj ces thiab kev noj qab haus huv:

  • Gender. Ntawm cov menyuam yaus, cov tub hluas yuav muaj mob hawb pob bronchial. Qhov no yog vim muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov kab mob ua pa thiab bronchi. Lub lumen ntawm tsob ntoo bronchial hauv cov tub yog nqaim dua li cov ntxhais;
  • tus menyuam rog dhau lossis rog. Kev mob ntsws asthma tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus ntau dua vim qhov chaw siab dua ntawm lub diaphragm, lub ntsws ua pa nrog qhov kev npaj no tsis txaus rau kev ua pa dawb thiab ua pa. Yog li ntawd, cov me nyuam rog rog yuav raug kev txom nyem los ntawm ua tsis taus pa thiab hawb pob;
  • Heredity. Yog hais tias ib tug me nyuam hauv tsev neeg los yog ib tug ntawm cov neeg txheeb ze raug mob hawb pob los yog ua xua, ces qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tshwm sim ntawm ib tug mob nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam yuav nce ntau.

Kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam:

  • Khoom noj khoom haus. Feem ntau yog txiv ntseej, khoom noj siv mis, txiv hmab txiv ntoo citrus, chocolate, zib ntab thiab ntses;
  • Mould lossis dampness ntawm phab ntsa ntawm chav tsev;
  • Paj plaub hau;
  • Cov tshuaj tsis haum uas ua rau mob hawb pob thaum lub tsev qiv ntawv lossis cov plua plav hauv tsev nkag mus rau hauv lub ntsws;
  • Paj noob hlis. Kev nqus cov khoom los ntawm cov paj paj lossis ntoo, ntau zaus qhov mob hawb pob yog raws caij nyoog;
  • Qee tshuaj. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj aspirin.

Triggers - yog vim li cas vim li cas bronchospasm tshwm sim:

  • pab pa;
  • huab cua txias dhau lossis qhuav;
  • kev tawm dag zog ua rau ua tsis taus pa;
  • kis kab mob, khaub thuas;
  • khoom ntxuav, tshuaj hauv tsev;
  • muaj zog naj hoom.

Asthma attack in a me nyuam

Me nyuam mob hawb pob
Me nyuam mob hawb pob

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev rau cov niam txiv kom paub txog kev mob hawb pob bronchial hauv lawv tus menyuam lub sijhawm thiab nres nws sai li sai tau. Yuav kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua.

Mloog koj tus menyuam:

  • Nco ntsoov teb cov lus tsis txaus siab txog kev ua pa lossis mob hauv siab. Cov menyuam loj dua uas twb tau ntsib kev tawm tsam zoo sib xws tuaj yeem qhia rau koj thaum nws ua rau lawv ua tsis taus pa lossis ua pa xwb;
  • Yog koj tus menyuam yws qhov mob hauv siab, tsis txhob quav ntsej nws. Thaum muaj mob hawb pob, cov menyuam yaus yuav hnov qhov nruj ntawm lawv lub hauv siab. Lub hauv siab rhiab yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm airflow thaiv thiab nce siab hauv lub ntsws;
  • Nco ntsoov nco ntsoov tias cov menyuam yaus lossis cov uas tsis tau ntsib kev mob hawb pob yuav tsis tuaj yeem qhia koj txog kev ua pa luv lossis mob. Tus me nyuam yuav ntshai thiab tshem tawm, nkaum ntawm koj tias muaj ib yam dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm rau nws, txaj muag tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia cov kev xav tshiab. Mloog koj cov me nyuam, lawv qhia koj li cas los yog lawv sim hais.

Tshaj tus menyuam ua pa:

  • Ua tib zoo mloog tus nqi ua pa, thaum so nws yog li 20 ua pa hauv 60 vib nas this. Yog tus menyuam ua pa nrawm dua, nug seb nws ua tsis taus pa, yog tias muaj teeb meem ua pa;
  • Saib seb tus menyuam puas yuav tsum tau siv zog ua pa thaum ua pa. Nrog kev ua pa ib txwm, tus menyuam lub xub pwg nyom yuav tsum tsis txhob sawv, thiab lwm cov leeg yuav tsum tsis txhob koom nrog. Ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus me nyuam txoj hauj lwm, nws sim ua txoj hauj lwm zoo tshaj plaws rau kev ua pa (slouching, so nws txhais tes ntawm lub rooj nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm nws, nthuav nws lub luj tshib nyob rau hauv ntau yam lus qhia);
  • Ua tib zoo saib thaum tus menyuam ua pa, yog tias nws muaj cov leeg mob hauv qab ntawm tav. Xws li "retractions" tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm ua pa luv, thaum huab cua uas tau nkag mus rau lawv tsis tuaj yeem sau qhov chaw xav tau;
  • Thaum muaj kev tawm tsam, thaum nqus tau, tus menyuam lub qhov ntswg nthuav dav heev thiaj li nqus tau pa ntau li ntau tau. Feem ntau, cov tsos mob no tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos uas tsis tuaj yeem qhia lawv niam tias lawv txhawj xeeb npaum li cas;
  • Mloog hawb pob thaum tus menyuam ua pa. Thaum muaj mob hawb pob, muaj ib lub suab ntxhi los yog nws lub suab nrog los ntawm kev vibration me ntsis. Wheezing tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm exhalation thiab inhalation nrog me me thiab nruab nrab tawm tsam. Nrog hnyav - tsuas yog ntawm exhalation;
  • Qhov muaj hnoos qhuav kuj qhia tau tias muaj mob hawb pob bronchial. Nws tsim lub siab nyob rau hauv lub bronchi, vim hais tias cov hlab cua qhib me ntsis, tso cai rau qee lub sij hawm ua pa ntau dua los yog tsawg dua. Yog tias hnoos nquag thaum hmo ntuj, qhov no qhia tau tias muaj mob me me. Thaum hnoos ntev ntev qhia tias muaj kev tawm tsam ntev.

Saib seb koj tus menyuam zoo li cas:

  • Thaum muaj mob hawb pob, cov menyuam feem coob zoo ib yam li thaum mob khaub thuas, mob. Yog li ntawd, thaum koj pom tus me nyuam tsis zoo, ua tib zoo mloog thiab mloog qhov koj niam txoj kev xav qhia rau koj;
  • Nrog mob hawb pob, txhua lub zog ntawm lub cev yog txhawm rau ua kom rov ua pa, yog li daim tawv nqaij ntawm lub sijhawm no tuaj yeem nplaum los ntawm hws thiab daj ntseg. Qhov no yog vim tsis txaus oxygen saturation nyob rau hauv cov ntshav;
  • Thaum muaj kev tawm tsam hnyav, daim tawv nqaij ib ncig ntawm tus menyuam lub qhov ncauj thiab qhov ntswg yuav ua xim xiav. Qhov no, nyob rau hauv lem, qhia tias tsis muaj oxygen heev, tus mob no ntawm tus me nyuam yuav tsum tau kev kho mob xwm txheej ceev tam sim ntawd.

Pab tus menyuam:

  • Yog tias qhov kev tawm tsam ntawm bronchial hawb pob tsis yog thawj zaug, tom qab ntawd yuav tsum muaj cov tshuaj nqus pa hauv tsev, qhov kev txiav txim siab yog txhawm rau nres qhov kev tawm tsam. Yuav tsum muaj tus me nyuam uas yuav pab siv tshuaj los yog hu rau cov neeg laus uas ua tau;
  • Thaum thawj qhov kev tawm tsam, nco ntsoov tiv tauj koj tus kws kho mob kom kuaj tus menyuam thiab sau cov tshuaj tsim nyog;
  • Yog qhov qaug dab peg hnyav, ces yuav tsum tau pw hauv tsev kho mob thiab kho tshuaj.

Kev kho mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus

Kev kho mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus
Kev kho mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus

Tus mob hawb pob bronchial hauv tus menyuam tam sim no tsis tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm ib qho tshuaj twg. Txawm tias muaj kev txhim kho tas li ntawm cov tshuaj, tsis muaj kev kho. Tsuas muaj cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem nres qhov kev tawm tsam, rhuav tshem cov allergen hauv lub cev. Ntxiv mus, cov tshuaj tau raug sau tseg rau kev noj nyob rau hauv ob peb theem, nrog rau kev maj mam nce ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj nquag. Tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj noj yog nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm kev mob hawb pob.

Txhua yam kev kho mob yuav tsum nyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas nruj ntawm tus kws kho mob. Nws txiav txim siab txo lossis nce cov tshuaj.

tshuaj kho mob hawb pob

Cov tshuaj niaj hnub rau kev kho tus kab mob no tau muab faib ua ob peb pawg:

  • mob;
  • basic.

Thawj pab pawg yog tsim los daws cov bronchospasm thiab kev tso pa tawm ntawm cov pa los ntawm kev ua pa (bronchodilators). Cov no suav nrog cov tshuaj uas raug coj los ua kev saib xyuas xwm txheej ceev rau kev mob hawb pob kom ua rau tus neeg ua pa ib txwm muaj. Cov tshuaj tsuas yog siv raws li qhov xav tau, tab sis tsis yog raws li kev tiv thaiv.

Cov tshuaj thib ob yog tsim los txo qhov mob, tshem tawm cov tshuaj tsis haum ntawm lub cev (cromones, anticholinergic thiab antileukotriene tshuaj, glucocorticoid hormones). Cov nyiaj no yog npaj rau kev kho mob mus tas li lossis tiv thaiv kev mob hawb pob. Tsis zoo li thawj pab pawg, lawv tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam tam sim ntawm kev tshem tawm bronchospasm thiab tsis txo qhov ua pa. Cov tshuaj tseem ceeb yog tsom rau txo qis qhov mob hauv lub bronchi, tshem tawm nws, nrog rau txo tus naj npawb ntawm kev mob hawb pob lossis lawv qhov ua tiav.

tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau yog noj rau lub sijhawm ntev heev. Qhov tshwm sim los ntawm kev noj tshuaj tsis tshwm sim tam sim ntawd, tab sis tsuas yog tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam ntawm kev kho mob tas mus li.

Glucocorticoid cov tshuaj hormones, txawm li cas los xij lawv tau noj (cov ntsiav tshuaj lossis txhaj tshuaj), muaj ntau yam tsis xav tau:

  • ib phaus ntxiv;
  • txo qis kev tiv thaiv;
  • hormonal imbalance;
  • Kuv muaj kab mob ntawm lub plab zom mov, mob rau mob txhab, gastritis, etc.

Txawm li cas los xij, cov thev naus laus zis niaj hnub ua rau nws muaj peev xwm tsim tau ntau thiab ntau cov tshuaj tshiab uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau tus kab mob, thaum cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm lawv tsawg heev, xyaum txo qis rau xoom. Inhaled glucocorticoids yog nyob deb ntawm kev npaj tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws. Qhov no yog ib pawg loj ntawm cov tshuaj uas yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws thiab tuaj rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm inhalers lossis nebulizers.

Nyob rau hauv kev kho mob bronchial hawb pob, nqus tau cov glucocorticoids tau ua ib kauj ruam zoo rau pem hauv ntej. Lawv tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm yuav luag txhua tus menyuam yaus, tsis muaj cov npe loj ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim, tsis ua rau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj, thiab ua haujlwm zoo ntawm kev kho mob hawb pob. Lawv tuaj yeem siv tsis yog los ntawm menyuam yaus, tab sis kuj yog cov neeg laus.

Dhau li ntawm aerosols, tseem muaj lwm yam kev kho mob hawb pob:

  • kev qhia lub cev tshwj xeeb;
  • ua pa siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb;
  • acupuncture, electropuncture thiab lwm txoj hauv kev ntawm reflexology;
  • ntau yam ntsev mines, gala chambers thiab lwm yam.

Cov tsev kawm tshwj xeeb tau teeb tsa kom cov menyuam muaj mob hawb pob yuav tsum tuaj koom thaum kho. Hauv cov tsev kawm ntawv no, tus menyuam yuav raug qhia txog kev ntsuas los tiv thaiv kev qaug dab peg, qhia cov tswv yim ua pa kom raug, pab lawv kawm txog cov tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau kho thiab txwv tsis pub qaug dab peg, thiab tseem pab lawv xaiv txoj kev kho mob thiab noj zaub mov zoo tshaj plaws.

Kev tiv thaiv kab mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus

Kev tiv thaiv mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus
Kev tiv thaiv mob hawb pob hauv menyuam yaus

Yuav ua kom mob hawb pob kom tsawg li sai tau, ntxiv rau kev kho ncaj qha, kev tiv thaiv tus kab mob kuj tseem tsim nyog. Qhov no yog hais txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev txhim kho cov xwm txheej ntawm tus menyuam. Kev tiv thaiv yuav yog qhov yuav tsum tau ntsuas nyob rau hauv rooj plaub uas tus me nyuam muaj qhov ua rau mob hawb pob ntawm qib noob.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tus kab mob:

  • Kev pub niam mis rau menyuam txij thawj hnub ntawm lub neej thiab txog li 1 xyoos. Yog tias leej niam tsis tuaj yeem pub niam mis lossis raug yuam kom tso tseg, ces qhov sib xyaw rau kev pub mis yuav tsum tau xaiv kom zoo, hauv kev sab laj nrog kws kho menyuam yaus;
  • Cov khoom noj ntxiv yuav tsum tau qhia tsuas yog thaum kws kho mob tso cai. Pib qhia cov zaub mov tshiab raws li nruj raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia, zam cov zaub mov tsis haum (chocolate, zib ntab, citrus txiv hmab txiv ntoo, txiv ntoo);
  • Sim tshem tawm qhov tsis tsim nyog "cov khoom siv plua plav" hauv tsev: ntaub pua plag, ntaub ntaub tuab, tapestries. Sim khaws cov phau ntawv rau hauv lub thawv ntawv ci, thiab tsis nyob ntawm qhov qhib qhib;
  • Tsis txhob muaj tsiaj los tiv thaiv kev ua xua rau tsiaj plaub hau. Sim tsis kam txawm tias zoo li cov ntses thoob dej yug ntses, vim tias cov zaub mov qhuav uas yuav tsum tau pub rau lawv tuaj yeem muaj cov tshuaj tsis haum;
  • Daim pam thiab hauv ncoo yuav tsum tau ntim nrog cov tshuaj hypoallergenic;
  • Siv tsuas yog cov tshuaj detergents hypoallergenic thiab cov khoom ntxuav hauv tsev;
  • Cua cua kom ntau li ntau tau hauv huab cua txias;
  • ntxuav ntub txhua hnub yam tsis muaj kev ntxuav;
  • Ntxhais yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo los txhawb kev tiv thaiv thiab txhim kho kev noj qab haus huv.

Dhau li ntawm qhov no, qhov chaw sov thiab qhov chaw nyob hauv tsev neeg tseem ceeb heev rau tus menyuam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov me nyuam xav tau kev saib xyuas thiab kev txhawb nqa los ntawm lawv niam lawv txiv, vim qhov no, cov kab mob yuav tshwm sim tsawg dua.

Pom zoo: