Hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam mos

Cov txheej txheem:

Hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam mos
Hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam mos
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Hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab

Hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam mos
Hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam mos

Dysplasia ntawm lub duav sib koom hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab yog qhov kev txhim kho tsis zoo ntawm kev sib koom ua ke loj tshaj plaws hauv tib neeg lub cev (lub duav), nrog rau nws ntu. Cov ntu no suav nrog pob txha mos, ligaments, cov qauv neural, cov leeg, thiab cov pob txha. Congenital dysplasia entails ib tug dislocation los yog subluxation ntawm cov leeg. Qee zaum koj tuaj yeem hla lub tswv yim ntawm "congenital hip dislocation", tab sis koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias qhov no peb tab tom tham txog qhov teeb meem ntawm dysplasia.

Ntau zaus dislocations thiab subluxations yog tsim tom qab tus me nyuam yug los. Nws yog qhov tsis tshua muaj neeg pom qhov dislocation ntawm lub duav sib koom ua ke, uas tshwm sim txawm tias thaum lub sij hawm cev xeeb tub. Xws li ib tug dislocation yog hu ua "tetralogical". Nrog rau nws, acetabulum, nrog rau qhov nyob ib sab ntawm cov pob txha femur, yog nyob rau hauv lub xeev tsim.

Cov menyuam yaus raug kev txom nyem los ntawm cov kab mob no txij thaum ub. Thawj zaug, cov tsos mob ntawm dysplasia tau piav qhia los ntawm Hippocrates, uas tau pib ncaj ob txhais ceg ntawm cov menyuam mos nrog kev pab ntawm qhov hnyav.

Hnov qhov kev kuaj mob los ntawm tus kws kho menyuam yaus, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob ntshai, vim tias feem ntau cov kab mob no tau kho zoo kawg nkaus. Ntxiv mus, nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, hip dysplasia yog heev ntau: tawm ntawm 1000 tus menyuam mos, txog 25 tus menyuam yug los nrog nws. Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, feem ntau cov menyuam mos liab muaj mob.

Cov qauv ntawm lub duav dysplasia hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab

Kuv paub qhov txawv peb hom dysplasia, nyob ntawm lawv qhov nyuaj:

  • Pre-dislocation, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov tseeb tias lub taub hau ntawm cov pob txha femoral tsis kho nyob rau hauv acetabulum, tab sis tuaj yeem txav tau yooj yim. Cov ligaments uas yuav tsum tuav nws yog nyob rau hauv ib tug so nyob rau hauv lub xeev, vim hais tias instability tshwm sim. Vim tias qhov kev hloov pauv tsis tseem ceeb, nws yuav luag tsis tuaj yeem kuaj pom tus kab mob no ntawm koj tus kheej. Kev sib koom ua ke tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib txwm, tab sis muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm subluxation;
  • Tom ntej no, ntau theem ntawm dysplasia hu ua subluxation. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub no, lub taub hau femoral yog me ntsis hloov mus rau sab saud thiab sab. Nws tuaj yeem tawm ntawm acetabulum thiab poob rau hauv qhov chaw, nws yog lub sijhawm no uas tus yam ntxwv nyem tau hnov;
  • Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws thiab xav tau kev kho mob hnyav yog theem hu ua "hip dislocation". Nrog nws, lub taub hau yuav nyob sib cais ntawm lub hnab articular thiab txav me ntsis rov qab thiab nce. Lub acetabulum yog underdeveloped. Nws khaws cov rog thiab cov ntaub so ntswg sib txuas.

Ua rau hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam mos

Ua rau hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam mos
Ua rau hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam mos

Cov yam hauv qab no tau txheeb xyuas tias ua rau lub plab dysplasia:

  • Hereditary predisposition txiav txim los ntawm caj ces yam ntxwv. Cov kws kho mob tau tsim qhov tseeb tias nws yog qhov tseeb cov me nyuam uas nws niam kuj yug los nrog lub duav dislocation uas raug kev txom nyem los ntawm dysplasia ntau zaus;
  • Qhov xwm txheej tsis zoo hauv thaj chaw uas tus poj niam cev xeeb tub nyob. Raws li kev txheeb cais, cov menyuam yaus muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua rau qhov kev ua tsis zoo no yog tias leej niam lub cev raug ionizing hluav taws xob, tsub zuj zuj ntawm cov pa pa, thiab txawm tias nqus tau pa luam yeeb;
  • Hnub nyoog ntawm tus poj niam yug menyuam. Tom qab tus me nyuam yug los, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias qhov no yog thawj tus me nyuam, qhov kev pheej hmoo siab dua tias nws yuav raug kuaj mob dysplasia;
  • Qee yam kab mob ntawm tus poj niam hauv kev ua haujlwm, xws li fibroids thiab muaj adhesions. Cov tshuaj hormones hloov pauv hauv lub cev, tshwj xeeb, nce qib ntawm progesterone, kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam;
  • Niam lub cev mob hnyav;
  • Toxicosis thaum ntxov thiab lig ntawm cev xeeb tub;
  • tus cwj pwm phem;
  • Kev noj tshuaj;
  • Kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub, uas ua rau tsis muaj cov vitamins thiab minerals hauv tus menyuam lub cev. Peb tab tom tham txog calcium, phosphorus, hlau, iodine thiab vitamin E;
  • Txoj haujlwm tsis raug ntawm tus menyuam hauv plab: breech lossis breech nthuav qhia;
  • Qee yam ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm fetal: qis dua lossis luv luv ntawm txoj hlab ntaws;
  • Imbalance ntawm dej-ntsev metabolism ntawm fetus vim lub raum pathology;
  • qhwv tus me nyuam mos nrog txoj hlua;
  • Ntxhais yau;
  • Kev raug mob rau tus menyuam thaum lub sijhawm lossis tom qab yug menyuam.

Swaddleing rau hip dysplasia

swaddling
swaddling

Nws tsim nyog yuav tsum nyob nyias ntawm swaddling cov menyuam yaus nrog lub duav dysplasia. Tam sim no muaj kev sib txuas ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev nruj swaddling ntawm cov menyuam mos thiab nce qhov tshwm sim ntawm dysplasia.

Piv txwv li, hauv cov tebchaws African thiab Esxias, cov menyuam yaus xyaum tsis raug tus kabmob no. Vim qhov tseeb tias cov menyuam mos tau nqa ntawm lawv nraub qaum, ua rau lawv muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev txav mus los, lawv tsis tshua muaj hip dysplasia.

Muab qhov tseeb no, cov neeg Nyij Pooj tau tso tseg txoj kev nruj nruj ntawm cov menyuam yaus, uas yog ib qho kev lig kev cai qub hauv lub tebchaws no. Qhov tshwm sim tsis ntev los no - qhov tshwm sim tau txo qis los ntawm 10 npaug.

Ntxiv mus, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev swaddling dav tsis tuaj yeem kwv yees kom tiv thaiv thiab kho dysplasia uas twb muaj lawm. Txoj kev no muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias siv dav dav siv txij thaum yug los. Qhov no pab txhawb kev tsim cov ntaub so ntswg, normalization ntawm cov ntshav ncig thiab txo cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm subluxations thiab dislocations nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam uas muaj dysplasia. Kev swaddling dav tso cai rau tus menyuam mos txwv tsis pub muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm kev txav mus los, tab sis tib lub sijhawm qee qhov txwv cov ceg ceg kom tus menyuam yoog raws cov xwm txheej ntawm lub ntiaj teb loj. Qhov no tsis yog tsuas yog ua kom tus me nyuam calms, tab sis kuj txhim kho nws txoj kev pw tsaug zog.

Rau qhov dav dav, koj tuaj yeem siv ob qho tib si pawm thiab cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb. Cov tom kawg suav nrog npog rau dav swaddling thiab Frejka hauv ncoo.

Cov tsos mob ntawm hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab

Cov tsos mob txhawm rau txheeb xyuas yog tias tus menyuam yug tshiab muaj dysplasia suav nrog:

  • Ntxoov ntawm cov leeg txha caj qaum, nthuav tawm hauv lub suab nrov;
  • Ntxhais txhais ceg, nyob rau sab uas muaj ib tug malformation, txheeb ze rau ib tug noj qab nyob zoo ceg;
  • Nyob ib leeg ntxiv ntawm lub pob tw;
  • Stop position. Ib lossis txawm ob txhais ceg yuav raug muab tawm tsis zoo;
  • Asymmetry ntawm quav ntawm ib tug noj qab nyob zoo thiab muaj mob ceg;
  • Tsis muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm tag nrho cov ceg ntawm tus menyuam mos mus rau sab. Ua li no, lawv thawj zaug yuav tsum khoov ntawm lub hauv caug;
  • Tus me nyuam yuav nyob hauv qhov tsis zoo rau tus menyuam noj qab nyob zoo. Nws lub nraub qaum yuav raug arched sab nraud ntawm thaj tsam lumbar, nrog nws lub xub pwg nyom thiab ob txhais ceg. Lub cev txoj hauj lwm no zoo li tsab ntawv "C";
  • Tus me nyuam lub taub hau tig rau ib sab. Cov ntiv tes ntawm ib txhais tes yog clenched tas li;
  • Tus hu ua plis. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev nias uas yuav hnov thaum lub crumbs 'sab ceg kis mus rau sab;
  • Cov tsos mob me, uas suav nrog cov leeg nqaij atrophied nyob ib sab ntawm cov leeg cuam tshuam, nrog rau qhov qis, tsis tshua hnov ntawm cov hlab ntsha femoral.

Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob nrhiav kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm ntau lub cim coj tus menyuam mus rau kev teem caij orthopedic. Yog tias muaj tsawg kawg yog ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no, koj yuav tsum txhawj xeeb txog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam ua ntej.

Kev kuaj mob ntawm lub duav dysplasia

Kev kuaj mob
Kev kuaj mob

Txhawm rau kuaj mob thiab qhia meej txog theem ntawm dysplasia, cov kws kho mob tuaj yeem siv cov qauv hauv qab no thiab kev tshawb fawb:

  • X-ray nrog kev txwv. Xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus menyuam, txoj kev kawm yuav tsum tau ua sai li sai tau siv cov kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb;
  • Kev kuaj mob ultrasound, uas tuaj yeem siv tau ntau zaus, ob qho tib si rau kev kuaj mob thiab kev tswj xyuas ntxiv. Ultrasound yuav txhim khu kev qha qhia qhov chaw kho mob tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob, thiab tseem yuav ua rau nws muaj peev xwm txiav txim siab lub suab ntawm cov leeg ntawm lub qis extremities;
  • Siv suav tomography, koj tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov tsis muaj ntxiv, piv txwv li, txiav txim siab qib ntawm cov leeg nqaij atrophy ntawm tus mob caj dab;
  • MRI yog siv thaum xav tau kev phais;
  • Kev kuaj dav dav txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov paib sab nraud. Nws yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm kws kho menyuam yaus thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm tus kws kho mob orthopedist. Yog tias muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm dysplasia, keeb kwm ntawm tus kab mob tau qhia meej.

Kev kho mob hip dysplasia hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab

Qhov sai dua cov kab mob tau kuaj pom thiab pib kho, sai dua tus menyuam txoj kev sib koom yuav rov zoo. Txoj kev kho nws tus kheej nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob. Yog hais tias peb tham txog pre-dislocation, ces cov kws kho mob xyaum massage ntawm lub pob tw, lub duav thiab sab nraub qaum ntawm tus me nyuam mos. Cov lus pom zoo tau muab rau qhov dav swaddling, uas tau hais los saum toj no. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus menyuam raug xa mus rau cov txheej txheem physiotherapeutic, uas muaj nyob rau hauv electrophoresis ntawm cov pob qij txha femoral siv calcium chloride los yog aminophylline. Hauv tsev, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua cov txheej txheem kho mob, uas suav nrog kev tawm dag zog.

Yog tias tus menyuam muaj subluxation ntawm kev sib koom tes, ces yuav tsum siv ntau txoj kev kho mob. Ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, lawv muaj nyob rau hauv hnav tshwj xeeb stirrups los ntawm tus me nyuam thiab ua raws li cov lus pom zoo rau swaddling.

Yog tias tus menyuam yug tshiab muaj qhov tsis sib haum xeeb, ces nws yuav tshwm sim rau nws. Lub sijhawm hnav yuav nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob. Qee zaum, yog tias muaj qee qhov qhia tau, kev phais mob yog siv. Nws nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias lub taub hau ntawm lub femur yog teem rau hauv lub articular hnab, cov seem ntawm cov pob qij txha raug kho, cov leeg thiab ligaments yog nruj thiab lengthened. Nws tuaj yeem siv los ua qhov qhib txo qhov sib koom ua ke, thiab nws qhov chaw rau hauv qhov chaw siv qhov endoscope.

Kev ntsuas kev kho kom rov zoo yog txhawm rau ntxiv dag zog rau cov leeg pob txha, ua kom cov txheej txheem rov tsim dua tshiab, txhim kho cov ntshav.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm dysplasia hauv tus menyuam yug tshiab

Cov teebmeem
Cov teebmeem

Yog tias tsis muaj kev kho mob, thaum nws tseem ntxov nws tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam muaj teeb meem loj. Cov menyuam yaus tsim limping thaum taug kev, nws tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si maj mam thiab hais. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus menyuam yuav tsis muaj peev xwm txav nws txhais ceg mus rau sab, lossis yuav ua rau nws nyuaj heev. Tus me nyuam yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov mob tsis tu ncua hauv lub hauv caug thiab hauv plab hauv plab nrog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cov pob txha. Nyob ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob ntawm dysplasia, cov menyuam yaus muaj cov leeg nqaij atrophy ntawm qhov sib txawv hnyav.

Maj mam, nrog kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob dysplasia yuav ua rau hnyav zuj zus thiab qhia txog kev loj hlob ntawm qhov hu ua "duck taug kev", thaum tus me nyuam dov ntawm ib ceg mus rau lwm qhov, ua rau nws lub plab mog. rov qab. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog ntawm tus menyuam no yuav raug txwv, uas yuav ua rau muaj kev txhim kho tsis zoo ntawm lwm cov pob qij txha, tab sis tseem yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua lub cev thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev. Nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej, cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm txhais ceg tuaj yeem ua tiav atrophy, tus neeg yuav pib nrhiav qhov mob tsis tu ncua. Hauv cov neeg laus, hyperlordosis ntawm tus txha caj qaum hauv thaj tsam lumbar tau pom. Txhua lub cev nyob hauv thaj chaw pelvic kuj raug kev txom nyem.

Txhua qhov no tuaj yeem zam tau yog tias kev kho mob pib raws sijhawm thiab kev tiv thaiv tau ua raws.

ntsuas kev tiv thaiv

Kev tiv thaiv txhawm rau txhawm rau tshem tawm cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsim dysplasia yog raws li hauv qab no:

  • Kev kuaj mob raws sij hawm ultrasound. Yog tias qhov no tsis ua tiav hauv tsev kho mob maternity, ces nws yuav tsum dhau thaum muaj hnub nyoog 3 hlis;
  • Yuav tsum kuaj xyuas los ntawm tus kws kho mob orthopedic;
  • Zam kev thauj khoom ntsug ntawm ko taw kom txog thaum nws tau pom zoo los ntawm tus kws kho mob;
  • Dav dav dav, nrog rau hnav hauv sling;
  • Kev kawm lub cev tsis tu ncua ntawm tus menyuam, raws li hnub nyoog;
  • Ua raws li txhua tus kws kho mob cov lus pom zoo thiab noj cov tshuaj vitamin complexes los ntawm leej niam thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub.

Kev soj ntsuam kom rov zoo feem ntau yog qhov zoo. Yog tias kev kho mob tau pib ua ntej hnub nyoog peb lub hlis, tom qab ntawd kev kho mob tshwm sim hauv 97% ntawm cov neeg mob.

Thiab tib lub sijhawm, cov menyuam yaus uas tsis tau txais kev kho mob txaus mus txog rau lub hlis, thaum tau txais kev kho mob rau lub hnub nyoog no, tsuas yog rov zoo li ntawm 30% ntawm cov neeg mob. Yog li ntawd, nws yuav tsum to taub tias dysplasia yog ib yam kab mob kho tau, tab sis nws txoj kev kho mob tsis tuaj yeem ncua.

Pom zoo: