Osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma) - ua rau, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob osteosarcoma

Cov txheej txheem:

Osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma) - ua rau, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob osteosarcoma
Osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma) - ua rau, cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob osteosarcoma
Anonim

Osteogenic sarcoma

Sarcoma yog ib qho mob qog nqaij hlav uas tsis yog epithelial keeb kwm. Nws tsim los ntawm mesenchyme (thawj cov ntaub so ntswg). Sarcoma yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, cov noob caj noob ces ib txwm cuam tshuam nrog cov hlwb epithelial.

Osteosarcoma txheej txheem cej luam

Malignant cells of osteogenic sarcoma (osteosarcoma) yog los ntawm cov pob txha. Hauv qee qhov neoplasms ntawm hom no, cov ntsiab lus fibroplastic dominate, thaum lwm tus, chondroblastic sawv daws yuav.

Raws li cov cim hluav taws xob, osteosarcoma tau muab faib ua hom hauv qab no:

  • osteolytic;
  • sclerotic (osteoplastic);
  • mixed.
Osteogenic sarcoma
Osteogenic sarcoma

Nov neoplasm no suav hais tias yog qhov phem heev, vim nws tshwm sim los ntawm cov pob txha thiab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm. Osteosarcoma txawv ntawm ntau lwm yam neoplasms hauv nws lub peev xwm los metastasize sai heev.

Tus kab mob no cuam tshuam rau tib neeg txhua hnub nyoog thiab poj niam txiv neej. Feem ntau cov mob osteosarcoma tshwm sim hauv 10-30 xyoo. Feem ntau, qhov neoplasm no tshwm sim thaum kawg ntawm kev puberty. Raws li muaj kev txheeb cais, cov txiv neej muaj 2 npaug ntau dua rau nws dua li poj niam.

Qhov chaw tseem ceeb hauv cheeb tsam ntawm osteosarcomas tau sau tseg hauv cov pob txha hauv qab no:

  • ntev tubular;
  • luv thiab tiaj.

Cov pob txha ntawm ob txhais ceg raug cuam tshuam 5-6 zaus ntau dua li cov ceg tawv. Kwv yees li 80% ntawm neoplasms ntawm hom no tshwm sim hauv thaj tsam ntawm lub hauv caug sib koom. Feem ntau cov qog tshwm sim ntawm tibia, fibula, pelvis, humerus, ulna. Feem ntau muaj cov tsos mob ntawm xws li neoplasms nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam ntawm lub xub pwg girdle.

Qhov chaw ntawm osteosarcoma yog metaepiphyseal kawg ntawm cov pob txha ntev. Nws kuj feem ntau tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog ntxov ntawm metaphysis ntawm pob txha. Thaum tus femur raug cuam tshuam, xws li neoplasm feem ntau cuam tshuam rau qhov kawg ntawm qhov kawg. Yuav luag 10% ntawm tag nrho cov neoplasms ntawm hom no tshwm sim hauv diaphysis.

Ua rau osteosarcoma

hom qog no feem ntau tshwm sim nrog cov pob txha loj heev. Feem ntau ntawm xws li ib tug neoplasm yog sau tseg nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam ntawm siab stature, uas tsis sib haum mus rau lub hnub nyoog kev loj hlob. Osteosarcoma cuam tshuam qhov loj hlob ntawm tib neeg musculoskeletal system.

Qee zaum, osteosarcoma yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau x-rays ntawm cov pob txha nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm thiab kuaj pom tus kab mob pib thaum ntxov.

Ib qho laj thawj ntawm qhov tshwm sim ntawm tus kab mob no tuaj yeem yog ionizing hluav taws xob, uas cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 12-16 raug pom. Vim li no, lawv yuav muaj kev tsis ua haujlwm hormonal, uas ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog. Cov tsos mob ntawm osteogenic sarcoma kuj raug rau cov neeg uas muaj cov qog nqaij hlav zoo li osteochondroma thiab enchodroma.

Cov tsos mob Osteosarcoma

Qhov pib ntawm tus kab mob no yog qhov nyuaj heev los txheeb xyuas. Nrog osteosarcoma, cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob yog mob heev hmo ntuj nyob rau hauv lub cheeb tsam ntawm cov pob txha cuam tshuam, uas yog tsis nres los ntawm tej tsoos analgesics. Thawj cov tsos mob ntawm sarcoma yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm cov qog. Raws li cov qog kis tau thiab lwm cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob sib ze tau koom nrog cov txheej txheem pathogenic, kev hnov mob nce ntxiv thiab ntau dua.

Nrog rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, qhov sib txawv thickening ntawm metaphyseal seem ntawm cov pob txha cuam tshuam. Muaj cov lus hais pastosity ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab lub venous network pom ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Raws li osteosarcoma nce zuj zus, tus neeg mob tau cog lus nyob rau hauv kev sib koom ua ke thiab lameness hauv cov ceg cuam tshuam. Tus neeg mob yws ntawm qhov mob hnyav thaum palpation ntawm thaj chaw cuam tshuam ntawm cov pob txha.

Nrog osteosarcoma, nws kis tau sai sai rau cov ntaub so ntswg nyob sib ze. Cov neoplasm no ua rau cov pob txha pob txha hauv lub sijhawm luv luv. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, lub germination ntawm neoplasm nyob rau hauv cov leeg nqaij tshwm sim. Osteosarcoma thaum ntxov muab cov hematogenous metastases tseem ceeb. Lawv tuaj yeem kis mus rau lub ntsws thiab lub hlwb.

Kev kuaj mob

Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob
Kev kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob

Osteogenic sarcoma tuaj yeem kuaj tau yooj yim nrog cov pob txha x-ray. Thaum thawj theem ntawm kev txhim kho neoplasm, osteoporosis ntawm cov pob txha cuam tshuam tau raug sau tseg. Daim duab qhia pom qhov muag plooj ntawm qhov contours ntawm cov qog. Thaum pib ntawm tus kab mob, nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov qog hauv metaphysis.

Thaum osteosarcoma zuj zus, pom muaj qhov tsis xws ntawm cov pob txha. Qee cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm hom no yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov txheej txheem osteoblastic thiab proliferative, nyob rau hauv uas o ntawm exfoliated periosteum tshwm sim. Thaum osteosarcoma tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam, acicular periostitis feem ntau sau tseg, nyob rau hauv uas spicules (linear ntxoov ntxoo ntawm pob txha) daim ntawv.

Tus kws kho mob oncologist sib txawv osteosarcoma los ntawm lwm cov neoplasms xws li eosinophilic granuloma, chondrosarcoma, pob txha mos exostosis, osteoblastoma.

Kev Kho Mob Osteogenic Sarcoma

Kev kho mob osteosarcoma muaj cov kauj ruam hauv qab no:

  1. Kev kho mob ua ntej siv tshuaj tua kab mob txhawm rau txo qis micrometastases hauv lub ntsws cov ntaub so ntswg. Ua tsaug rau nws, nws muaj peev xwm ua tiav qhov txo qhov loj ntawm cov qog. Thaum siv tshuaj khomob, tus neeg mob yuav tau txais cov tshuaj hauv qab no: koob tshuaj Methotrexate, Ifosfamide, Adriablastin, Etoposide, Carboplatin, Cisplatin.
  2. Kev txiav cov qog, uas feem ntau txuag cov pob txha. Yav dhau los, cov kws kho mob tau mus rau kev phais dav dav, thaum lub sijhawm tus neeg mob feem ntau muaj cov ceg ntoo cuam tshuam los ntawm cov qog amputated. Niaj hnub no txoj kev kho mob tso cai rau ib tug maj mam excision ntawm lub neoplasm, nyob rau hauv uas tsuas yog ib feem ntawm cov pob txha raug tshem tawm. Qhov chaw tshem tawm yog hloov nrog cov yas lossis hlau cog.
  3. Post-operative chemotherapy, noj mus rau hauv tus account qhov tshwm sim ntawm preoperative chemotherapy.

Nyob rau qee qhov tshwj xeeb, thaum cov neoplasm loj hlob mus rau hauv cov kab mob hauv cov hlab ntsha, cov kab mob pathological tshwm sim, lossis cov qog loj heev, cov kws kho mob yuav tsum tshem tawm cov ceg tawv. Cov txheej txheem niaj hnub ntawm kev kho mob tso cai rau khaws cov khoom nruab nrog cev txawm tias muaj cov metastases loj, piv txwv li, rau lub ntsws. Lawv tsuas yog tshem tawm phais. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej uas tsis tuaj yeem phais yog vim li cas, tus neeg mob yuav tau txais kev kho hluav taws xob.

Kev siv cov txheej txheem niaj hnub no rau kev kho mob osteosarcoma, suav nrog ntau hom kev kho mob thiab phais, tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev. Ua tsaug rau qhov no, kev ciaj sia ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj qhov kev kuaj mob no tsuas yog nce txhua xyoo.

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